The Objections of the Kuffar in the Qur’an

In his Master’s Thesis entitled, “The Objections of the Kuffar in the Qur’an” [اعتراضات الكفار في القرآن الكريم], Umar Abu Zaid said that the reasons why the kuffar objected to the message of the Prophets (peace be upon them) are three (with two having sub-points):

1) ARROGANCE (e.g. Surah 23:45-47)

1a) Arrogance at Allah (e.g. Surah 4:172)

1b) Arrogance at Messengers (e.g. Surah 64:5-6)

1c) Arrogance at People (e.g. Surah 26:111)

2) IGNORANCE (e.g. Surah 7:138)

2a) Simply not knowing.

2b) Believing in something contrary to the truth

2c) Doing something the way it should not be done

3) Taqleed of Forefathers (e.g., Surah 43:23)

The types of objections are also three:

1) Arguing [جدال] (e.g. Surah 40:35)

2) Mockery [استهزاء] (e.g. Surah 43:6-7)

3) Belying [تكذيب] (e.g. Surah 50:12-14; > 60 examples in the Qur'an)

It appears that not much has changed in this regard unfortunately.